On Wednesday, the El-Nadeem Center against Violence and Torture said it had documented 3,949 human rights violations in Egypt in 2022.

The violations included 49 cases of killing, 42 cases of torture, 339 cases of illegal punishment, 308 cases of re-arrest, 63 cases of torture and collective punishment, 227 cases of willful medical negligence, and 421 cases of enforced disappearance.

Among the forms of torture documented by the human rights group were beatings, transfer to a solitary cell, electric shocks, throwing faeces in the face, and blindfolding. In 2021, the rights group documented 119 cases of murder, 48 cases of individual torture, 598 cases of unlawful personal punishment, 62 cases of illegal collective punishment, 201 cases of willful medical negligence, and 431 cases of enforced disappearance.